On Monday, President Barack Obama became the first sitting president in American history to author an academic paper.


An article titled, “United States Health Care Reform: Progress to Date and Next Steps,” published under the name, “Barack Obama, JD,” in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) defends the Affordable Care Act with extensive support of its progress.

In summation, the paper presents the facts regarding Obamacare and recommends how the next president could continue to improve upon US health care. Obama writes, “Since the Affordable Care Act became law, the uninsured rate has declined by 43 percent, from 16.0 percent in 2010 to 9.1 percent in 2015, primarily because of the law’s reforms.”

Obama continues on to acknowledge that, notwithstanding opposition, the nation has come a long way following implementation of the Affordable Care Act; however, there is work yet to be done. He writes:

“Despite this progress, too many Americans still strain to pay for their physician visits and prescriptions, cover their deductibles, or pay their monthly insurance bills; struggle to navigate a complex, sometimes bewildering system; and remain uninsured.”

The president then suggests a few ways in which the next POTUS could perpetuate this founded progress, including providing a “public option” for more affordable health care coverage in comparison to existing plans offered by private companies. Obama also mentions the need for the federal government to lower the cost of prescription drugs.

Though the article is not peer-reviewed, as most JAMA-published journals, Editor-in-Chief Howard Bauchner confirmed the piece went through multiple rounds of editing and fact-checking prior to publishing. Bauchner told Bloomberg, “While we of course recognized the author is the president of the United States, JAMA has enormously high standards and we certainly expected the president to meet those standards.”

Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton has been vocal throughout the 2016 presidential race about her support for taxpayer-funded insurance options, positioning herself in line with Obama’s suggestions outlined in the essay. Presidential candidate Donald Trump, however, has vowed to repeal the Affordable Care Act should he be voted into office.

In the conclusion of the article, President Obama writes:

“I will repeat what I said 4 years ago when the Supreme Court upheld the ACA: I am as confident as ever that looking back 20 years from now, the nation will be better off because of having the courage to pass this law and persevere. As this progress with health care reform in the United States demonstrates, faith in responsibility, belief in opportunity, and ability to unite around common values are what makes this nation great.”

Read President Barack Obama’s full academic journal here.

  • Man’s dog suddenly becomes protective of his wife, Internet clocks the reason right away
    Photo credit: CanvaDogs have impressive observational powers.

    Reddit user Girlfriendhatesmefor’s three-year-old pitbull, Otis, had recently become overprotective of his wife. So he asked the online community if they knew what might be wrong with the dog.

    “A week or two ago, my wife got some sort of stomach bug,” the Reddit user wrote under the subreddit /r/dogs. “She was really nauseous and ill for about a week. Otis is very in tune with her emotions (we once got in a fight and she was upset, I swear he was staring daggers at me lol) and during this time didn’t even want to leave her to go on walks. We thought it was adorable!”

    His wife soon felt better, butthe dog’s behavior didn’t change.

    pregnancy signs, dogs and pregnancy, pitbull behavior, pet intuition, dog overprotection, Reddit stories, viral Reddit, dog instincts, canine emotions, dog owner tips
    Otis knew before they did. Canva

    Girlfriendhatesmefor began to fear that Otis’ behavior may be an early sign of an aggression issue or an indication that the dog was hurt or sick.

    So he threw a question out to fellow Reddit users: “Has anyone else’s dog suddenly developed attachment/aggression issues? Any and all advice appreciated, even if it’s that we’re being paranoid!”

    The most popular response to his thread was by ZZBC.

    Any chance your wife is pregnant?

    ZZBC | Reddit

    The potential news hit Girlfriendhatesmefor like a ton of bricks. A few days later, Girlfriendhatesmefor posted an update and ZZBC was right!

    “The wifey is pregnant!” the father-to-be wrote. “Otis is still being overprotective but it all makes sense now! Thanks for all the advice and kind words! Sorry for the delayed reply, I didn’t check back until just now!”

    Redditors responded with similar experiences.

    Anecdotal I know but I swear my dog knew I was pregnant before I was. He was super clingy (more than normal) and was always resting his head on my belly.

    realityisworse | Reddit

    So why do dogs get overprotective when someone is pregnant?

    Jeff Werber, PhD, president and chief veterinarian of the Century Veterinary Group in Los Angeles, told Health.com that “dogs can also smell the hormonal changes going on in a woman’s body at that time.” He added the dog may “not understand that this new scent of your skin and breath is caused by a developing baby, but they will know that something is different with you—which might cause them to be more curious or attentive.”

    The big lesson here is to listen to your pets and to ask questions when their behavior abruptly changes. They may be trying to tell you something, and the news may be life-changing.

    This article originally appeared last year.

  • Throughout history, women have stood up and fought to break down barriers imposed on them from stereotypes and societal expectations. The trailblazers in these photos made history and redefined what a woman could be. In doing so, they paved the way for future generations to stand up and continue to fight for equality.

  • ,

    Why mass shootings spawn conspiracy theories

    Mass shootings and conspiracy theories have a long history.

    While conspiracy theories are not limited to any topic, there is one type of event that seems particularly likely to spark them: mass shootings, typically defined as attacks in which a shooter kills at least four other people.

    When one person kills many others in a single incident, particularly when it seems random, people naturally seek out answers for why the tragedy happened. After all, if a mass shooting is random, anyone can be a target.

    Pointing to some nefarious plan by a powerful group – such as the government – can be more comforting than the idea that the attack was the result of a disturbed or mentally ill individual who obtained a firearm legally.


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