There are hundreds of maps, online, physical, or app-based, that can help you track your exercise and provide you with new outdoor running or cycling routes. Bike maps are especially important for cyclists who rely on the ability to find protected lanes and cyclist-friendly streets in order to remain safe while riding. However, one area all of these maps overlook is the degree of difficulty—not physical, but mental—cyclists can expect to experience on a given route, where tons of traffic or pothole-ridden pavement can make a simple bike commute seem like a matter of life and death.


Arlene Ducao seeks to narrow this gap in information with the Mindrider Map, which is built off of data collected from cyclists who wear a helmet that measures their brainwaves. According to Wired, Ducao helped develop the helmet (called Mindrider) as a grad student at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2010.

The setup is pretty straightforward and simple: An off-the-shelf EEG brainwave sensor made by NeuroSky is built into a standard helmet. Eight cyclists rode most of Manhattan (favoring north-south routes over east-west cross streets) during the months of September and October. Every second, the EEG sensors measured the rider’s level of focus. Attention rose when the rider focused on one thing (for example, a car about to swerve into the bike lane) and decreased when they’re less focused. Level of attention was ranked from 0 to 100, then correlated onto a color scale, from green to yellow to red.

With this information, the cyclists were able to create a map of Manhattan, and the result is an easy-to-read guide that shows relaxing cycling (the green) and stressful cycling (red).

There are some caveats to the study, which Ducao readily acknowledges. Primarily, each stretch of road was covered once, by one rider, and there was no control for factors like unusual traffic congestion, weather, or the rider’s emotions and natural level of attention, which all could have skewed results.

But with more Mindriders participating the data may begin to average out and the Mindrider Map may become quite a useful tool for making cities bike-friendlier.

You can see the Mindrider Map here.

  • Man’s dog suddenly becomes protective of his wife, Internet clocks the reason right away
    Dogs have impressive observational powers.Photo credit: Canva

    Reddit user Girlfriendhatesmefor’s three-year-old pitbull, Otis, had recently become overprotective of his wife. So he asked the online community if they knew what might be wrong with the dog.

    “A week or two ago, my wife got some sort of stomach bug,” the Reddit user wrote under the subreddit /r/dogs. “She was really nauseous and ill for about a week. Otis is very in tune with her emotions (we once got in a fight and she was upset, I swear he was staring daggers at me lol) and during this time didn’t even want to leave her to go on walks. We thought it was adorable!”

    His wife soon felt better, butthe dog’s behavior didn’t change.

    pregnancy signs, dogs and pregnancy, pitbull behavior, pet intuition, dog overprotection, Reddit stories, viral Reddit, dog instincts, canine emotions, dog owner tips
    Otis knew before they did. Canva

    Girlfriendhatesmefor began to fear that Otis’ behavior may be an early sign of an aggression issue or an indication that the dog was hurt or sick.

    So he threw a question out to fellow Reddit users: “Has anyone else’s dog suddenly developed attachment/aggression issues? Any and all advice appreciated, even if it’s that we’re being paranoid!”

    The most popular response to his thread was by ZZBC.

    Any chance your wife is pregnant?

    ZZBC | Reddit

    The potential news hit Girlfriendhatesmefor like a ton of bricks. A few days later, Girlfriendhatesmefor posted an update and ZZBC was right!

    “The wifey is pregnant!” the father-to-be wrote. “Otis is still being overprotective but it all makes sense now! Thanks for all the advice and kind words! Sorry for the delayed reply, I didn’t check back until just now!”

    Redditors responded with similar experiences.

    Anecdotal I know but I swear my dog knew I was pregnant before I was. He was super clingy (more than normal) and was always resting his head on my belly.

    realityisworse | Reddit

    So why do dogs get overprotective when someone is pregnant?

    Jeff Werber, PhD, president and chief veterinarian of the Century Veterinary Group in Los Angeles, told Health.com that “dogs can also smell the hormonal changes going on in a woman’s body at that time.” He added the dog may “not understand that this new scent of your skin and breath is caused by a developing baby, but they will know that something is different with you—which might cause them to be more curious or attentive.”

    The big lesson here is to listen to your pets and to ask questions when their behavior abruptly changes. They may be trying to tell you something, and the news may be life-changing.

    This article originally appeared last year.

  • Throughout history, women have stood up and fought to break down barriers imposed on them from stereotypes and societal expectations. The trailblazers in these photos made history and redefined what a woman could be. In doing so, they paved the way for future generations to stand up and continue to fight for equality.

  • ,

    Why mass shootings spawn conspiracy theories

    Mass shootings and conspiracy theories have a long history.

    While conspiracy theories are not limited to any topic, there is one type of event that seems particularly likely to spark them: mass shootings, typically defined as attacks in which a shooter kills at least four other people.

    When one person kills many others in a single incident, particularly when it seems random, people naturally seek out answers for why the tragedy happened. After all, if a mass shooting is random, anyone can be a target.

    Pointing to some nefarious plan by a powerful group – such as the government – can be more comforting than the idea that the attack was the result of a disturbed or mentally ill individual who obtained a firearm legally.


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