“Men don’t cry.” This phrase has long discouraged men from showing vulnerability, pushing the idea that to be a “protector” and “provider,” men must hide their emotions. This belief paints emotional expression as inherently feminine, even though men experience emotions just as deeply. Canadian teacher Brendan Kwiatkowski (@remasculine) dives into this issue, describing it as a “boy crisis.” In his TikTok video, “The boy crises at ages 5 and 15,” Brendan examines how boys are conditioned to suppress emotions, especially tears.

Representative Image Source: Pexels | Ibraim Leonardo
Representative Image Source: Pexels | Ibraim Leonardo

From a young age, boys are taught that being “strong” means not crying. Yet, as one GetPocket article points out, “History is full of sorrowful knights, sobbing monks, and weeping lovers – what happened to the noble art of the manly cry?” Brendan’s 2023 video explains that this emotional suppression often begins around ages 5 and 15. His insights clearly struck a chord, with the video amassing over 1.4 million views, 2,800 comments, and close to 115,000 likes, highlighting a widespread yearning for change in how society treats boys’ emotions.

Representative Image Source: Pexels | Kat Wilcox
Representative Image Source: Pexels | Kat Wilcox

“Let’s talk about the boy crisis that happens around the age of 5 and 15,” said Brendan, who researches the social-emotional development, and wellbeing of boys and men. He defined these years of crisis as “significant periods when boys get disconnected from authentic parts of themselves, usually their emotional parts.” Up to age 5, he says, boys are more emotionally expressive than girls. But as they grow, they become less verbally expressive, “although their somatic markers for emotional reactivity do not change, which is indicative that some emotional suppression is going on.”

Representative Image Source: Pexels | Ric Rodrigues
Representative Image Source: Pexels | Ric Rodrigues

“The first boy crisis coincides with the start of school because there’s just greater exposure to socialization pressures,” said Brendan, adding that schools can sometimes promote gender differences and gender stereotypes. For instance, a teacher telling the boys, “I need all the strong boys to help me with this,” or celebrating a girl’s compliance or neatness. “Schools just provide more opportunities for social shame,” he proclaimed.


via GIPHY


“So if a boy likes unicorns or dancing and you have one kid that said, oh, that’s girly, that can be the start of them shutting down some part of themselves that they’d rather not shut down,” he said, giving the example of a PhD boy who said he wanted to take part in acting and singing lessons, but just felt like it was something odd for a boy to do. So, he never pursued it.

Representative Image Source: Pexels | Bello Olamide
Representative Image Source: Pexels | Bello Olamide

Brendan revealed that the second boy crisis occurs around ages 14 or 15, coinciding with the transition to high school. Plus puberty and intimate relationships bring all the insecurities and strong emotions to the surface, which is overwhelming for the guys. “So they have a cesspool of insecurity and uncertainty, And this is when the masculine pressure to be manly, restricts their emotions,” the teacher added.



“In my research, 12 boys aged 17 to 19, said when they were 14 or 15, they felt like they were least authentic. That they had to wear the mask of masculinity, especially at school,” Brendan recalled and further said that boys are taught to squash two important emotions in particular: “fear and sadness.” Painting of a man weeping in melancholy is a rare sight after all. Brendan gave a lot of reasons for this happening. “Some of it is due to the implicit bias that mothers and fathers tend to use less emotional language when talking to their sons as compared to their daughters, particularly about events that might be sad or scary,” he explained.


via GIPHY


Sometimes, parents can be too concerned about their sons appearing as too feminine, he added. “So, to protect their sons from potential bullying or judgment, parents can police their son’s behavior, and how they express their emotions more closely.” Brendan also highlighted the “gender gap” in the video, asking the parents, “Do you think there’d be more judgment for your son showing up at school in a glitter backpack or your daughter showing up at school in a Spider-man backpack?”


via GIPHY


This gender bias is so pervasive that many people, especially men, find it suffocating, yet they can’t express their feelings. Sharing an experience in the comments section, @lordpurple10 said, “My son was made fun of on the first day of school for wearing his favorite pink shirt. He won’t wear it now. I hate it so much.”

Image Source: TikTok | @bishturk
Image Source: TikTok | @bishturk

Many resonated with Brendan’s views. @shayskillionaire commented, “We need a Disney movie tailored around this for our boys.” @florarose777 said happily, “My son’s 6 and loves purple and Minnie Mouse and glitter and headbands and feels his emotions and is true to himself. And I am so proud.”

Image Source: TikTok | @mimijai317
Image Source: TikTok | @mimijai317

The fact that males are discouraged from expressing their full emotional range is heartbreaking because, according to science, crying is beneficial for health. A 2008 study in the Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology found that people feel better after a good cry. While this seems easy to achieve, it’s challenging for men trained to suppress emotions for centuries. Men must be freed to cry openly and express their vulnerabilities.


@remasculine

Replying to @Kathie Rose Mashni here’s more detail on the two boy crises! (Thanks for being patient) let me know if you want to hear more. #masculinity #feminism #barbie #kenenough #positivemasculinity #teachersoftiktok ♬ Aesthetic – Tollan Kim


You can follow Brendan Kwiatkowski on TikTok and Instagram to learn more about emotional intelligence and masculinity.

This article originally appeared 3 months ago.

  • Why Americans give: New research finds 5 distinct profiles for generosity
    Photo credit: Overearth/iStock via Getty Images PlusAbout 82% of Americans said in response to a survey that they give to charity or to people in need.
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    Why Americans give: New research finds 5 distinct profiles for generosity

    A new study suggests Americans remain broadly generous, but their reasons for giving vary sharply.

    Given that fewer Americans are donating and volunteering and that people in the U.S. appear to be losing trust in one another, it may seem like generosity has eroded in the United States.

    The nation’s political, social and economic divides might only strengthen that impression. But my recent research suggests that this belief would be misguided.

    I’m a professor who teaches and conducts research about nonprofits and philanthropy. To understand the diversity of American generosity, I teamed up with Paige Rice and Veronica Selzler, two philanthropy consultants who contributed to the Generosity Commission’s report on U.S. generosity called “How and Why We Give.”

    The Generosity Commission is a nonpartisan group of leaders from across the charitable sector. Its 2023 report shared the results of a national survey of 2,569 U.S. adults.

    Multicolored hearts are scattered on a white background.
    There are many ways to be generous. MirageC/Getty Images

    Drawing on data from that study, we sought to understand how different kinds of people may be motivated to act generously for different reasons and, as a result, express their generosity differently.

    The study defined generosity broadly in terms of efforts or gifts made to support people in need, charitable causes or philanthropic organizations through actions like giving and volunteering. Our study was published in March 2026 in Nonprofit Management & Leadership, a peer-reviewed academic journal.

    The overall propensity to give was about 82% based on responses to this question in the Generosity Commission’s survey: “On average, how much money do you donate each year to people in need, charitable causes, or philanthropic organizations?”

    The survey also asked Americans about how they express their generosity.

    We found that Americans’ generosity varies according to their aspirations, motivations and demographic characteristics. In other words, different kinds of Americans are generous in different ways.

    Using a statistical modeling technique called latent profile analysis, which can find hidden groups of people based on observed data, we identified five segments of American society. They come from the general population, not just existing donors or volunteers.

    Change-minded hopefuls, about 42% of the total, are mostly women and people with low incomes. They genuinely want to help people but are held back mainly by not having enough money.

    Flexible moderates, roughly 35% of the survey’s respondents, are a middle-of-the-road group without strong political or religious motivations. They are open to helping out in a wide variety of ways when given the opportunity.

    Values-driven skeptics, around 11% of those surveyed, are mostly older, conservative, religious and male. They are willing to give money but are worried that charities might not make good use of it.

    Status seekers, approximately 9% of the participants in the survey, are the most generous group. Affluent, educated and religious, they are highly active in giving and volunteering and are motivated by social recognition and personal benefits.

    Frustrated activists, only about 4% of the total, are passionate, liberal and financially strapped. They are often women and people of color. They care deeply about causes and prefer to take direct action rather than giving money.

    These results are based on the analysis of data collected for a 2023 Generosity Commission report.

    Why it matters

    Each of these groups is relatively generous. For example, the percentage of people in each one donating to people in need, charitable causes or philanthropic organizations ranged from a low of 77% – the frustrated activists – to a high of 93% among the status seekers. This shows that Americans with different mindsets exhibit a willingness to help others, even if their aspirations, motivations and demographic characteristics differ.

    For nonprofits looking to attract more donors and volunteers, it may help to understand that different groups of people may have different motivations and concerns. By appealing to each group’s distinct qualities, nonprofits may be able to garner more support for their causes.

    These results are based on the analysis of data collected for a 2023 Generosity Commission report.

    What other research is being done

    Researchers with the Lilly School of Philanthropy at Indiana University and their partners are conducting numerous studies about American generosity.

    For example, in a study published in 2019, those researchers found a sharp decrease in the percentage of Americans who gave to nonprofits following the Great Recession. And their ongoing research on global philanthropy tracks cross-border giving for 47 countries, including the U.S., to document global trends in generosity.

    The Research Brief is a short take about interesting academic work.

    This article originally appeared on The Conversation. You can read it here.

  • Persuasion expert shares the one strategy that’s actually effective at changing people’s minds
    Photo credit: CanvaA woman is unsure how to respond.
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    Persuasion expert shares the one strategy that’s actually effective at changing people’s minds

    It’s nearly impossible to change someone’s mind. So let them do it for you.

    Learning how to communicate effectively and change people’s minds rarely succeeds by forcing your opinion. People are far more likely to adopt beliefs when they feel like they came up with them. Understanding this can make parenting, leading a team, or even trying to win an argument with a friend more effective.

    Chase Hughes, a former United States Navy chief and behavioral expert, told The Diary of a CEO podcast why self-persuasion is an effective strategy for influencing others. He believes it’s “maybe the most dangerous persuasion skill there is.”

    Changing people’s minds

    The most effective communicators influence others by offering small pieces of information that allow the other person to connect the dots themselves. Ideas we feel are our own carry far more weight in decision-making than those given to us by others. Hughes explains the simple approach behind changing people’s minds:

    “I’m gonna put a LEGO right here on the table in front of you. [He points to the right of the table.] And I’m going to put another LEGO right here in front of you. [He points to the left of the table.] And I’m just going to keep having the conversation until eventually your brain is going to go, ‘Oh, I bet those things go together.’ So the idea came from you.”

    Hughes further explains the pattern:

    “I’m going to give you one piece of information and another piece of information, but I will never put them together for you. And the reason is that any idea that you think came from your own mind, you have no ability to resist it.”

    conversations, debate, advocacy, direct persuasion
    Crafting a convincing idea.
    Photo credit: Canva

    Self-persuasion in a real-world situation

    The idea Hughes refers to is called self-persuasion. This form of psychological influence stems from the fact that people are more likely to adopt new beliefs when they feel those beliefs come from within. They are far less likely to be persuaded by external pressure.

    Hughes’ example of placing two LEGO bricks offers a clear visual explanation, but what would a real-life scenario look like? Hughes explains:

    “Let’s say you’re watching the news and they say, ‘Local Austin woman has been reported missing. Neighbors said that earlier this day, people saw her arguing with her boyfriend. Details after the break.’ And your brain is like, ‘I know what happened.’”

    In this example, it’s easy to infer that the boyfriend is likely involved in her disappearance.

    change minds, motivation, inoculation theory, effective strategies
    A couple attempts to convince a skeptical woman.
    Photo credit: Canva

    Self-persuasion is effective at changing people’s minds

    Self-persuasion is powerful because it creates a self-generated process. Individuals feel more personally connected, and even justified. A 2022 study found that people are more influenced when arguments align with their values and beliefs. Messages they may know little about can feel true and even self-driven when they aren’t imposed on them.

    A 2022 study examined self-persuasion as an influence on social norms. When people were given options that aligned with their values, the messages felt more personal and were therefore more convincing.

    Another 2022 study found that when people were asked to argue one side of a debate, they eventually came to believe that side was correct—even if they didn’t believe it at first. This form of self-persuasion can make disagreements harder to resolve because people naturally feel more confident in their own perspective.

    work, mental health, framing effects, conclusions, narrative
    That’s a brilliant idea.
    Photo credit: Canva

    People rarely resist their own conclusions

    Self-persuasion works because it changes who is doing the persuading. Telling a child what to do is very different from a parent explaining why it matters. In business, people are more motivated when they help generate ideas than when they’re given even simple instructions.

    The most effective communication isn’t about delivering perfect arguments. When people connect the dots on their own, the idea doesn’t just land—it sticks. Hughes suggests letting a person’s brain fill in the gaps. Once they do, the conclusion feels like their own. Studies show that this sense of ownership is a powerful motivator for changing minds.

    Watch the full interview with Chase Hughes:

  • A bride collapsed during her own rehearsal dinner toast. The detective who burst in explained everything.
    Photo credit: CanvaBride gives a speech at her rehearsal dinner
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    A bride collapsed during her own rehearsal dinner toast. The detective who burst in explained everything.

    She planned a prank for the rehearsal dinner and cast herself as the victim. The groom had no idea.

    Alexandra Lahde had been a couple of things on the night of her rehearsal dinner: a bride, a hostess, and, briefly, a corpse.

    The 28-year-old barista from Canada had spent months planning the evening at Fairmont Banff Springs, one of the most storied hotels in the country. The decor was themed around old Hollywood glamour and detective fiction, with a vintage typewriter welcome sign, magnifying glass name tags, and moody florals and candles throughout the room. If any of her 30 guests noticed the clues, they kept quiet about it. When Alexandra clinked her wine glass to give a toast, nobody suspected a thing.

    “I just wanted to take a second and thank you all so much for coming here,” she began. Then she started to cough. She tried to continue. She coughed again, clutched the counter beside her, and said, “Oh my God” before dropping to the floor. Two guests who had been in on it from the start called out, “She’s dead. She’s DEAD!” Her husband Ian rushed toward her. Before anyone else could react, a man in a detective costume burst through the doors, flashing a badge. “Nobody move! My name is Bert Hammel. I’m from a bad police department. I’ve been told there’s a murder,” he announced, before looking down at Alexandra’s motionless body. “I can’t feel a pulse. The bride has been poisoned.”

    A dining table at a wedding reception with champagne bottles and flowers.
    Table arrangement at a rehearsal dinner. Photo credit: Canva

    The evening was underway. The actor, Eric from the improv company THEY Improv, had been hired by Alexandra with help from her wedding planner Melissa Alison Events. The murder plot was tied to the Fairmont Banff itself, which has its own legendary ghost bride story. Selected guests had been pulled into a separate room before dinner, briefed on the plot, and given character roles to play. After the faux detective questioned them in front of the group, guests split into teams to solve the mystery.

    Alexandra told People magazine that she had only learned the full script about 15 minutes before her guests arrived, which suited her perfectly. “I find I work best when I have little to no plan, so I went into it pretty blind,” she said, “only having practiced my expression and fall in the bathroom a few times before!”

    The video, captured by videographer Alesia Hardy (@alesiafilms) of Alesia Films, has since gone massively viral. Viewers were particularly impressed by one logistical detail: the detective appeared within seconds of Alexandra hitting the floor, giving the groom and guests no time to spiral into genuine panic. “The fact that the detective was virtually immediate to signal that she was okay and it was a game is the PERFECT way to pull this off,” one commenter wrote.

    This article originally appeared earlier this year.

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